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Chile
Bosque. Bienvenidos a este proyecto dedicado a difundir,
conocer y disfrutar de la diversa flora nativa de Chile. "En
Chilebosque.cl encontrarás fichas con información y fotografías para conocer
más de 463 diferentes tipos de árboles,
arbustos, hierbas,
geófitas, cactus,
enredaderas, epífitas,
helechos terrestres,
helechos película,
líquenes y musgos
de los diversos ecosistemas del país.
This
is a great site, updated all the time, with active and enthusiastic
participants, committed to the conservation of the forests and flora of Chile.
Also a good site for links to other sites on Chile flora. Has a message
board.
Download
a free copy of : “Plantas
Amenazadas del
Centro-Sur
de Chile:
Distribución,
Conservación y Propagación”
Free download of “Manual
de Recolleción de semillas de plantas silvestres”.
Boletin INIA #110.
ISSN 0717-4829. How to collect seeds from wild plants. With participation of Government of Chile and KEW Millenium
Seed Bank Project.
Welcome to the
Rapid Color Guides page.
Whether taken to the field or used only on a computer screen, such guides
fill a gap in the published material available to identify live species growing
in tropical lands. Most of these guides are designed for use in the field, and,
after free downloading, all can be printed out from the high-quality PDF files
to make two-sided plastic coated sheets. Very
helpful are the posters on plants from Arequipa, western slope of Peru, Cuzco,
etc. Over 50 posters
available for Peru, also for Mexico, USA, Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia, etc.
Plants, animals.
Incredible resource from the Field Museum.
Arboles y Arbustos para Sistemas Agroforestales en Los Valles Interandinos de
Santa Cruz, Bolivia. Guia de Campo. IG Vargas, A Lawrence,
ME Otazu. 2000. ISBN 99905-801-1-1. Some photos and line
drawings, text, maps, whole-page line drawings. 140 pp.
Arboles y Arbustos del Valle
Sagrado de Los Incas. Trees and Bushes from the Sacred Valley of
the Incas. G. Cassinelli del Sante. 2000.
ISBN-9972-9172-0-7. 102 pp. Color photographs, maps, descriptions of
geographical regions from sea to selva. In Spanish and
English.
Flora Genérica de los
Páramos: Guía Illustrada de las Plantas Vasculares P.
Sklenár, JL Luteyn, C Ulloa Ulloa, PM Jorgensen, MO Dillon. Memiors of
the New York Botanical Garden. 2005. ISBN 0-89327-468-2. 499
pp. En castellano. "Este libro provee claves e identificacion,
descipciones, areas de districucion e ilustraciones de las 127 families y los
540 generos de plantas vascularde reconocidos hasta el momento en el paramo."
Un Compañero
Neotropical: Una introducción a los animales, plantas, y ecosistemas del
Trópico del Nuevo Mundo. John Kricher. 2006. ISBN
1-878788-50-7 Editores de la versión en Español Alvaro Jaramillo y Luis
Segura. "De vez en cuando un pensamiento llega a la mente como un
relámpago. Así llegó la idea de traducir al español la reconocida obra
de John Kricher. A Neotropical Companion. Translation of the 2nd edicion of this classic. 437 pp. Published by
American Birding Association.
Cactaceas en la flora
silvestre de Chile. Segunda Edicion. AE Hoffman J. and
HE Walter M. Illustrations by Andrés Jullián
2004. ISBN 956-7743-05-3. Updated version of the previous
edition. Now now in line with IOS decisions on taxonomy. Ediciones
Fundacion Claudio Gay, Santiago.
Illustrated Guide to Trees
of Peru. TD Pennington, C Reynel, A Daza. Drawings by Rosemary
Wise. 2004. ISBN 0 9538134 3 6. 848 pages and chock full
of keys, line diagrams, essential information. "This book aims to
give an up-to-date look at the tree flora, in which all the genera are
described. It attempts to highlight those groups where there are still
gaps in our knowledge, and hopefully will stimulate further interest and study
of this exceptionally interesting flora. The starting point for designing
its scope was the Catalogue of Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru................... The identification keys to
families and genera have also been tested against several thousand of our own
collection". (from page 8 of the introduction). Published
by David Hunt, England.
A Tour of the Flowering
Plants: based on the Classification System of the Angiosperm Phylogeny
group. Priscilla Spears. 2006. ISBN
1-930723-48-2. English. Helpful book for those planning to use the
new classification system for angiosperms, comes with CD and has useful
appendices with (A) outline of flowering plant families and (B) Genus to common
name, family, and order listing. Missouri Botanical Garden
Press. Also see website "Stevens, P. F. (2001 onwards).
Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 8, June 2007 [and more or less
continuously updated since]." will do. http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb/.
"The focus of this site is on angiosperms, although treatments of
gymnosperm groups were added in 2005. Emphasis is placed on plant families
because they are the groups - admittedly partly arbitrary as to circumscription,
but now for the most part monophyletic - around which many of us organize our
understanding of plant diversity".
Flores de Alta Montaña de
los Andes Patagonicos High Mountain Flowers of the Patagonia Andes.
Marcela Ferreyra, Cecilia Ezcurra, Sonia Clayton. 2006. In English
and Spanish, 239pp. color photos. "This field guide was
conceived as a tool for the identification of the main species of high-mountain
vascular plants of the Patagonian Andes from the Province of Neuquén to the
Province of Santa Cruz, in Argentina." Descriptions of 170 species of
plants, botanical descriptions, maps. Informative and will be very useful
for anyone interested in the high Andes. Editorial
LOLA http://www.lola-online.com
Tillandsia del Norte de Chile y del Extremo Sur de Perú.
Raquel Pinto. 2005. ISBN: 956-299-730-8. Species of Tillandsia
covered: T. Capillaris, T. virescens, T. geissei, T. landbeckii, T. marconae, T.
purpurea, T. tragophoba, T. usneoides, T. wedermannii. Another of Raquel
Pinto's lovely and informative books over vegetation of northern Chile.
Includes photos and descriptions of the various species, plus flora and fauna
associated. Range maps, conservation themes, etc. Contact the author
to purchase this truly beautiful book. raquelpinto@vtr.net
Quinoa:
Chenopodium quinoa
"Quinoa (pronounced keen-wah) is a crop that, although recently
"discovered" by agricultural researchers from industrialized
societies, has been grown for many thousands of years in the mountains of South
America. It's been a major crop in the Andes mountains since 3,000
B.C.".........."From a nutritional standpoint, quinoa has almost an
almost perfectly balanced amino acid composition for human use. It has a high
content of calcium, phosphorus, and iron and is low in sodium. A half cup of
quinoa has 374 calories, 13 grams of protein, and six grams of fat, but less
than one gram of saturated fat."
Land Above the Trees: a guide
to American Alpine Tundra, 4th
edition. Ann Zwinger and Beatrice Willard, 1996. ISBN 1-55566-171-8.
Originally published in 1972. Alpine habitats beyond the field guide:
alpine tundra, plant and animal adaptations, alpine heath, alpine marsh, talus
and scree slopes, fellfields, snowbed communities, etc. With line drawings,
useful glossary and good bibliography. A wonderful resource which deals
specifically with high elevation habitats in the lower 48 states of the US,
although of course the ecological principles apply world-wide.
The
Giant Horsetails, Chad Husby's site on this giant plant. He quotes
Richard Spruce in Notes of a Botanist on the Amazon and Andes 1908:
"But the most remarkable plant in the forest of Canelos is a gigantic
Equisetum, 20 feet high, and the stem nearly as thick as the wrist!...It extends
for a distance of a mile on a plain bordering the Pastasa, but elevated some 200
feet above it, where at every few steps one sinks over the knees in black,
white, and red mud. A wood of young larches may give you an idea of its
appearance. I have never seen anything which so much astonished me.
I could almost fancy myself in some primeval forest of Calamites
, and if some gigantic Saurian had suddenly appeared, crushing its way among the
succulent stems, my surprise could hardly have been increased."
All you could want to know about the giant horsetails (which are plentiful in
Arica and the transverse valleys here in the northern Atacama).
Botanical Link of the
Day: just what it says, worldwide plant-oriented web sites,
Dr. Scott D. Russell of the University of Oklahoma sends the URL each day, (since
1996!) or if you don't want more email, you can refer to his web site from time
to time. Very welcome free service.
Flores del Desierto de
Chile Wildflowers of the Chilean Desert Sebastian
Teillier A, Herman Zepeda F, Patricia Garcia V. 1998 ISBN
956-7173-22-2 In English and Spanish. Seventy-three flowers included,
with large photos, classified by color of flower, habitat photos and discussions
of habitat and plant forms and adaptations of desert flora, useful for the
species in the Atacama Desert south of Antofagasto, although many of the genera
are present in the far north near Arica.
One River: Explorations and
Discoveries in the Amazon Rain Forest, Wade Davis, 1996. ISBN
0-684-80886-2 From the back cover: "In 1941, Professor Richard Evans
Schultes took a leave from Harvard and disappeared into the Amazon, where he
spent the next 12 years mapping uncharted rivers and living among dozens of Indian
tribes. In the 1970's he sent 2 prize students, Tim Plowman and Wade Davis, to follow in his footsteps and unveil the botanical
secret of coca............. a sacred plant know to the Inca as the Divine
Leaf of Immortality. A stunning account of adventure and discovery,
betrayal and destruction, One River is a story of two generations of explorers
drawn together by the transcendent knowledge of Indian peoples, the visionary
realms of the shaman, and the extraordinary plants that sustain all life in a
forest that once stood immense and inviolable."
Touchstone, Simon & Schuster A book you'll never quite finish,
you'll read and reread.
What a story.
Alpine Plant Life: Functional Plant Ecology of High
Mountain Ecosystems, C. Korner. 1999. ISBN
3-540-65438-0 From the preface of this textbook:
"One of the largest natural biological experiments, perhaps the only one
replicated across all latitudes and all climatic regions, is uplift of the
landscape and exposure of organisms to dramatic climatic gradientes over a very
short distance, otherwise only seen over thousands of kilometers of poleward
traveling. Generations of plant scientists have beeh fascinated by these
natural test areas, and have explored plant and ecosystem responses to alpine
life conditions, Alpine Plant Life is an attempt at a synthesis." Springer-Verlag
Gayana
Botanica Publication of the Facultad de Ciencias
Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción. "La revista Gayana
Botanica, dedicada al naturalista francés Claudio Gay (1800-1873), es el órgano
oficial de Ediciones de la Universidad de Concepción, Chile, para la publicación
de resultados de investigaciones originales en las áreas de la botánica."
Articles online starting with Vol 57. 2000.
Diversidad Florística del Norte de
Perú Tomo I, 1999. ISBN ?
by Sagástegui, Dillon, Sánchez V., Leiva G., Lezama A.
With beautiful photos and short descriptions of 185 selected plant
species, this book introduces the flora of six of the northerly areas
of Peru: Tumbes, Piura, Lambayeque, Cajamarca; Amazonas; La
Libertad; San Martin. Contents: El Perú, causas de su
biodiversidad y endemismos; Areas protegidos del Norte de Peru;
Gimnospermas; Angiosperms; Literatura citada. Included here to
encourage sales of this book that is apparently the first of
an ambitious series. Published by the World Wildlife Fund, and
Fondo Editorial Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego (Trujillo Peru)
with economic support of the Oficina del Programa Perú del Fondo
Mundial para la Naturaleza. Tomo II is
now available, Diversidad floristica del Norte de Perú, Bosque Montanos.
"The second in series in Spanish, treating the flors of the montane forests
of northern Peru, illustrating flowering plant diversity in seven
departments. Over 75 families are illustrated with full-page color
photographs of habitats, plant habit, and flower close-ups." Both of
these volumes can be ordered from www.sacha.org
An online course in systematic
botany, in Spanish. "Este es un curso de botánica sistemática
que pone su énfasis en el estudio de las plantas nativas de Chile y de las
plantas ornamentales de uso frecuente en nuestro país." An online
course for systematic botany, in Spanish, presented by Prof. Sebastián
Teillier,
of the Universidad Central de Chile, Stgo. An incredible resource for learning
about the taxonomy of Chilean flora.
Hongos de Chile: Atlas
Micologico, Waldo Lazo, Facultad de Ciencias de la Universidad de
Chile. 2001. ISBN 956-19-0337-7. Chile's mushrooms and
fungi: Description, habitat, distribution, glossary, identification key
for genera and species, large photos with photo site identified.
Salesianos SA
Flora de los Andes de
Coquimbo: Cordillera de Doña Ana. F.
Squeo, R. Osorio, G. Arancio. 1994. ISBN956-7393-01-X. Maps of the
region of Coquimbo, 111 color photos of flowers both habitat and closeups, some
keys, about a half a page of text on each species, glossary, bibliography,
Spanish. Ediciones Universidad de La Serena. http://www.biouls.cl
Very helpful for species above about 3,000 masl, at about 26-32º S latitude in
Chile. Many of the genera also are found in the Lauca area.
Libro Rojo de la Flora
Nativa y de los Sitios Prioritarios para su conservación: Regiòn de
Coquimbo. F. Squeo, G. Arancio, J.R.
Guttièrrezditores. 2001. ISBN 956-7393-12-2. Lots of
data over threatened endemics, colored photos, comes with CD rom. In Spanish.
Ediciones Universidad de La Serena. Can be ordered online at http://www.biouls.cl
Plantas medicinales silvestres de uso tradicional en la localidad de
Paposo, Costa del Desierto de Atacama, II Región, Chile, Guido
Gutierrez G.and Leonel Lazo Salinas. 1996. ISBN? In Spanish.
Maps, medicinal plants and their historic uses in the Paposa area (just south of
Antofagasto and north of Taltal). Great bibliography of old
resources. From the Introduction " El presente trabajo tiende a
proyectar a la comunidad nortina los principales rasgos natuales e historicos
culturales de los habitates del Paposo, único patrimonio étnico en la costa
del Desierto de Atacama, que aun mantiene viva una rica tradición herbolaria en
la segunda región de nuestro país, fundamentado en la utilización de cerca de
ochenta plantas con fines medicinales que se administran en la actualidad en
esta comunidad conforme a conocimientos y experiencias originadas,,
presumiblemente, en la prehistoria y colonia."
Flora Nativa de
valor ornamental, identificacion y propagacion (Central
Chile) by
Paulina Riedemann and Gustavo Aldunate, 2001. ISBN 956-13-1737-0.
Published by Editorial Andres Bello, Avda. Ricardo Lyon 946, Providencia,
Santiago de Chile. Dealing with the central part of Chile, this new book
is first in a series which will cover the whole country. The volume has 2 parts,
one of which is a 134 page section on trails and roads in the central
region. Trails are graded on difficulty, length, and included are lists of
the trees, bushes and flowers you'll find along the way. The larger volume
contains photos, descriptions of the trees, flowers, bushes, and vines, and includes tips on
propagation. Text in
Spanish.
Flora Nativa
de valor ornamental, identificacion y propagacion (Northern
Chile coastal) Paulina
Riedemann, Gustavo Aldunate and Sebastián Teillier. 2006. ISBN
956-299-432-5. This is the third in the series which will cover
Chile. Like other volumes, it comes in 2 parts, one with information over
identification and propagation of wild plants, (including ferns, cacti) and the
second part contains information over foot trails and roads that lead to the
vegetation and habitats discussed. Note that the book covers mostly coastal
areas, with the emphasis on Chile's 3rd region. Can be ordered (costs about 42.000 pesos) from
Corporacion Parque y Centro Cultural Botanico Chagual. Vitacura, Santiago,
Chile. email: mvlegassa@gmail.com
Le Jardin Botanique Alpin du
Lautaret: the results of their botanical expedition to Chile.
Many photos of Chilean
wildflowers, list by families, very helpful.
"The Andean Botanical Information System (ABIS) presents information from
floristic and systematic investigations of the flowering plants (phanerogams) of
Andean South America. Topics include selected geographic regions and groups of
Andean plants, flora of coastal Peru and Chile, floristic inventories from a
variety of habitats in northern Peru, bibliographic resources, and searchable
databases." It will take you days to see all of what this site has to
offer.
Chloris Chilensis, Revista Chilena de Flora y Vegetacion. Online journal
with keys for identification of Ranunculus, Chenopodium, Paraveraceae, Convolvulaceae,
lists of plants in varous areas, new species for Chile, always
worth checking out the new issues.
The data
sheet for the Lomas
Formations of the Atacama Desert, part of the Smithsonian Institution Project
Centres of Plant Diversity, this section "deals
with the Americas, and contains six sites in North America, 20 in Middle
America, 46 in South America, and three in the Caribbean. This web version of
the printed volume contains all the same material, with an easy-to-use search
engine and additional pictures. The 75 sites have been selected partly on the
basis of floristic studies, but especially with reference to the detailed
knowledge of over 100 botanists familiar with this region. The Data Sheet for
each site is set within a regional context, outlining wider patterns of plant
distributions, threats and conservation efforts. Additional sites are mentioned
in each of the regional overviews. The Regional Overviews include very useful
tables giving information on species richness and endemism, floristic diversity
and endemism by region, degree of threat to CPD sites, and an analysis of the
conservation status of CPD sites. The rationale for the project is the concern
about the rapid global loss and degradation of natural ecosystems and the urgent
need to highlight areas of pristine botanical importance, with the hope that
these will receive adequate levels of resources to ensure their
protection."
Central Andean dry puna (NT1001). One of the
World Wildlife series on "ecoregions". Some of these reports are
more inclusive than others in the same series. "This ecoregion
is a very dry, high elevation montane grassland and herbaceous community of the
southern high Andes, extending through western Bolivia and northern Chile and
Argentina. The vegetation is characteristically tropical alpine herbs with dwarf
shrubs, and occurs above 3500 m between the tree-line and the permanent
snow-line. Dry puna is distinguished from other types of puna............
" Also check out Atacama desert (NT1303),
in the same series. Be sure to click the link to the
"scientific report" (at the bottom of their page) as the preliminary
paragraphs presented are sketchy.
Columnar
Cactus: This web site is the result of a collaboration between Tony Mace of Ansty, West
Sussex, UK and Bob Ressler of Stockton, California, USA, who share an obsession
with the giant tree like cacti which are represented in banner of the Cactus
Mall. Unfortunately because of their size they are not as well known as many of
the more miniature globular cacti. Emphasis on cultivated
cacti.
Historía Natural de un Valle en los Andes: La Paz. Eduardo Forno,
Mario Baudoin. 1991. Paperback, 559 pp. Edited by Instituto de Ecología - UMSA, Casilla
de Correo Central 10077, La Paz, Bolivia. Deposito Legal No. 4-1-34-91. Ecology of
a high altitude valley in Bolivia that has much in common with the precordillera and
altiplano near Putre. Climate, birds, mammals, fish, plants, trees, amphibians,
reptiles, butterflies, mosses, aquatic vegetation, aquatic invertebrates, bees and
other pollinators. Good descriptions of bofedales. Bibliography. In Spanish. A
possible source for this book is
nhbs.co.uk/index.html at
least they used to have it, you might have to make a special request or try to
get it from the Natural History Museum in La Paz.
Flores del Norte Chico, 2a edición. 1985 By Melica
Muñoz Schick. ISBN ? Dirección de Bibliotecas,
Archivos y Museos, 1985 Inscription No. 62.208. Photos
(closeups and habitat) and descriptions of 66 species found at the
latitude between about 27 to 35 S.
Geografía del Perú: Las ocho regiones naturales, La
regionalización transversal, La sabiduría ecológica tradicional.
by Javier Pulgar Vidal, 10th edition, 1996, PEISA. ISBN
9972-40-027-3 Divides Peru into 8 ecological regions, and
introduces each area's flora, fauna, geography, culture,
climate. Very interesting volume which even discusses the
Quechuan roots of the vocabulary. Chala o Costa; Yunga; Quechua;
Suni; Puna; Janca; Rupa-Rupa; Omagua. In Spanish.
Conserving the Biological Diversity of the Polylepis
woodlands of the highlands
of Peru and Bolivia: A Contribution to Sustainable Natural Resource Management in the
Andes. Fjeldsa and Kessler 1996. ISBN 87-986168-0-3. Financed by
NORDECO, Nordic Foundation for Development and Ecology, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Deforestation in the high Andes. This book is important also for Chile, as several
birds in northern Chile are strongly specialized to Polylepis, including the
giant conebill, thick-billed siskin, and other little-known birds in northern Chile use
Polylepis seasonally -- the rufous webbed bush tyrant, tamarugo conebill, and
D'orbigny's chat tyrant among them. In Chile, Polylepis is going fast. The book is
required reading for those interested in altiplano ecology and should be distributed
widely for use by government agencies, NGOs, Peace Corps, and others developing
environmental and reforestation projects. Has key to the many species of
Polylepis, lists
of birds recorded in Polylepis (with localities), priorities for collection of biological
data, extent of existing Polylepis forests in Peru and Bolivia (with lat. and long.),
descriptions of other high altitude trees, historical distribution, evolution of
Polylepis, etc. Extensive bibliography.
Páramos: a checklist of plant
diversity, geographical distribution, and botanical literature:
James Luteyn, 1999. ISBN 0-89327-427-5 Memoirs of
the New York Botanical Garden Vol 84. Lichens, mosses, hepatics,
vascular plants, aso gazetteer of Páramo localities. Although directed to the
páramo area of the Andes, (wetter than the
Lauca puna habitat) many of the same genera are present in
Chile. Worth buying for the bibliography. Source for
book at the scientific publications department of the New York
Botanical Garden nybg.org
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